It's essential to be mindful of the hazards summer heat can pose—from heat-related illnesses to insect bites to sunburns, the hottest months of the year can present concerns when it comes to safety. Education about how to stay safe and have fun when you are out in the sun is important. Here are some tips to help you enjoy a safe and healthy summer.

Heat-Related Illnesses: Heat Stroke and Heat Exhaustion

Heat Stroke is a severe condition that occurs when the body overheats. Symptoms include high body temperature, hot and dry skin, confusion, and even loss of consciousness. If you suspect someone has heat stroke, call emergency services immediately and try to cool the person down with water or ice packs.

Heat Exhaustion is less severe but still serious. Symptoms include heavy sweating, weakness, dizziness, nausea, and headache. To prevent heat exhaustion, stay hydrated, take breaks in the shade, and wear lightweight, loose-fitting clothing.

Tips to Prevent Heat-Related Illnesses:

• Drink plenty of water throughout the day.
• Avoid strenuous activities during the hottest parts of the day.
• Use fans or air conditioning to cool down.
• Wear a hat and use sunscreen to protect yourself from direct sunlight.

Sunburns: Protect Your Skin

Sunburn can cause pain, redness, and long-term skin damage. To avoid sunburn:

• Apply broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30, and reapply every two hours, or more often if swimming or sweating.
• Wear protective clothing, including a wide-brimmed hat and sunglasses.
• Seek shade whenever possible, especially during midday hours.

Insect Bites: Prevent and Treat

Summer brings out many insects, including mosquitoes, ticks, and bees. Insect bites can cause irritation, allergic reactions, and even transmit diseases.

Preventing Insect Bites:

• Use insect repellent containing DEET or other EPA-approved ingredients.
• Wear long sleeves and pants when in wooded or grassy areas.
• Check for ticks after spending time outdoors and remove them promptly.

Treating Insect Bites:

• Clean the bite area with soap and water.
• Apply an ice pack to reduce swelling.
• Use over-the-counter antihistamines or hydrocortisone cream to relieve itching.

Contact Dermatitis: Be Aware of Plants

Certain plants, like poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac, can cause contact dermatitis, an itchy and uncomfortable skin rash.

Preventing Contact Dermatitis:

• Learn to identify and avoid these plants.
• Wear protective clothing when hiking or gardening.
• Wash any exposed skin immediately with soap and water if you come into contact with these plants.

Treating Contact Dermatitis:

• Apply calamine lotion or hydrocortisone cream to reduce itching and inflammation.
• Take oral antihistamines to relieve symptoms.
• Seek medical advice if the rash is severe or widespread.

Swimmer’s Ear: Keep Your Ears Dry

Swimmer’s ear is an infection of the outer ear canal caused by bacteria in water.

Preventing Swimmer’s Ear:

• Dry your ears thoroughly after swimming.
• Use earplugs to keep water out.
• Avoid inserting objects into your ears.

Treating Swimmer’s Ear:

• Use over-the-counter ear drops to relieve pain and dry the ear canal.
• Consult a healthcare provider for prescription drops if the infection persists.

Hydration: Drink Plenty of Water

Dehydration can sneak up on you during hot summer days. Always have water on hand and make it a habit to drink regularly, even if you’re not feeling thirsty.

Tips for Staying Hydrated:

• Carry a reusable water bottle with you.
• Infuse your water with fruits for added flavor.
• Eat water-rich foods like fruits and vegetables.